EXEC

exec: Protocol Commands that are invoked using the exec: protocol must be executable as standalone commands. Commands that are built into a command interpreter or other program cannot be executed directly, but must be executed (if possible) within the context of the application that provides them. For example, the following seed URL would not work on Microsoft Windows systems because the dir command is built into the Windows command interpreter (cmd.exe): exec: dir e:\dataTo use the exec protocol with commands that are built into the Windows command interpreter, you must do something as the following: exec: cmd /c dir 'e:\data'